In this work, the authors consider issues of innovative development of industrial production in Russia, identify priority sectors of the country’s economy, propose a classification of innovative areas of industrial development, assess the innovative activity of the world’s leading countries, and determine the growth rates of costs for innovative activities by sectors of the country’s economy. Problems have been identified in the area of innovations related to the procurement of machinery, equipment, spare parts and raw materials from Western European manufacturers and suppliers because of sanctions. Suppliers from partner countries offer finished products and do not want to sell raw materials, share the latest technologies for creating modern goods, and the development of own technology requires large financial costs. The Russian economy lags behind the world’s leading countries in terms of the implementation of scientific and technical developments. Despite considerable investments in innovative activities, their efficiency is very low. One of the reasons is the lack of conditions for the practical implementation of scientific developments. It is proposed to develop regional systems that facilitate the unification of innovative ideas. Of scientific interest is the economic and mathematical model for forecasting the volume of innovative goods, works and services. Strategic guidelines have been developed in the field of innovations that contribute to the strengthening of all sectors of the economy.