Complex regional pain syndrome is a set of symptoms whose expression determines a pathological state. The definition of CRPS has evolved over time in line with the recognition and understanding of these symptoms. There are two types of CRPS depending on the absence or presence of peripheral nerve damage. The physiopathology of CRPS remains poorly understood, due to several interrelated phenomena leading to peripheral and central sensitization. In this chapter, we will study these two phenomena and their causes and consequences. A precise assessment of these elements allows the therapists to target treatments depending on the characteristics of the CRPS, although prevention remains the best way to fight against this syndrome. If prevention fails, according to the Anglo-Saxon recommendations, we have 4 weeks to lift the irritative thorn. Beyond this period, symptoms will be more difficult to manage, requiring a multidisciplinary team to act on as many of the syndrome’s active parameters as possible in a concomitant manner. In any stage, a tailor-made treatment adapted to what we observe and hear from the patient is key for optimized results.