Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management
摘要
The past decade has seen a notable surge in the adoption of regional anesthesia, particularly in children, aimed at reducing perioperative opioid use and enhancing postoperative outcomes. This shift reflects a global trend toward multi-modal analgesia, with regional anesthesia proving advantageous in improving pain management while minimizing complications such as nausea and vomiting. However, challenges persist, particularly in patients with skeletal dysplasia, where the adoption of regional anesthesia has been slower. Skeletal dysplasia poses unique anatomical and technical challenges, complicating the performance of both central and peripheral nerve blocks. Concerns about spinal cord injury have led to a cautious approach in utilizing epidural and caudal blocks in this population. Peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs) have emerged as a preferred alternative in patients with skeletal dysplasia, offering effective pain control with fewer opioid-related complications. Multi-modal approaches incorporating non-opioid analgesics and regional anesthesia techniques tailored to the unique needs of skeletal dysplasia patients offer promising avenues for pain management. Establishing trust with patients and their families, exploring alternative techniques, and addressing mental health conditions are integral aspects of comprehensive pain management strategies.