Anaerobic digestion of organic solid waste has always been a research hotspot of biomass energy, anaerobic digestion can be converted into clean energy—methane, of which the more typical household waste is kitchen waste, which is also the main source of organic solid waste in the household waste. In the treatment process of kitchen waste, anaerobic digestion is the mainstream resourceization process, and the biogas produced by anaerobic digestion can also be used as a clean energy source. This paper analyzes the research progress of anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste based on the current research situation of kitchen waste and provides reference for the research of resource treatment of kitchen waste in China. Kitchen waste is also one of the common materials in biogas engineering at present, and the research on its digestion is helpful to the research of biogas power generation engineering in China, and provides help to improve the efficiency of biomass energy.