Depression and insomnia are common and often interrelated issues among college students, particularly those who are transitioning through the psychosocial stage of development referred to as “emerging adulthood.” Effectively addressing these mental health challenges is essential for maintaining students’ overall well-being and academic success. In this chapter, we offer a comprehensive overview of the prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of depression and insomnia in college students, highlighting the significant impact they have on students’ lives. We also summarize current research on cognitive behavioral therapies for depression and insomnia in college student populations and offer practical recommendations for clinicians regarding psychoeducation, assessment, treatment modifications, and other considerations for working with the college student population. Finally, we present two case studies to illustrate the real-world application of cognitive behavioral interventions for depression and insomnia. These case studies emphasize the importance of tailored approaches that consider college students’ unique needs and barriers to treatment.