Sleep disruptions are a significant health concern among older adults. This chapter examines the implementation of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) in older adult populations, addressing both normative age-related sleep changes and pathological sleep disruptions. We review evidence demonstrating that while certain sleep alterations are expected with aging (e.g., increased sleep onset latency, decreased total sleep time), persistent insomnia significantly impacts cognitive function, mood, and quality of life in older adults. We present CBT-I approaches tailored for older adults, including adaptations to stimulus control, sleep restriction (“sleep compression”), and relaxation techniques that account for age-related physical limitations and comorbid conditions. Special consideration is given to the bidirectional relationship between insomnia and depression in late life based on evidence supporting CBT-I as an effective intervention for both conditions. We include detailed clinical recommendations for implementing CBT-I with older adults, addressing challenges such as medical comorbidities, polypharmacy, and caregiver involvement. Finally, through case-based learning, we demonstrate the practical application of these principles while highlighting the importance of comprehensive assessment and individualized treatment planning. This work provides crucial guidance for clinicians treating sleep disorders in the ever-expanding population of older adults.