Debris Discs, ExoEarths, and Coronagraphy
摘要
Astronomers all remember the year 1995 as it marked the discovery of the first extrasolar planet, orbiting a Sun-like star named 51 Pegasi and located 50.45 light years from Earth in the constellation of Pegasus. By observing this object, two astronomers from the Geneva Observatory, Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz, thus ended a difficult multi-century quest and, above all, opened up a tremendous field of discovery of “extrasolar” planets, which we now call exoplanets. A quarter of a century later, thousands of planetary systems have been identified in our neighborhood—a “suburb of the Sun” extending a few hundred light years from it within our Galaxy. In 2015, the Nobel Prize in Physics rewarded these two discoverers.