Cloud computing has become omnipresent in our daily lives, both in the private and professional domains. In the context of the data age and Industry 4.0 and 5.0, this trend is not going to decline. With increasingly many products and services driven by data and the cloud, there is an evident need to rethink traditional product and service designs, including their underlying processes. At the same time, the environmental footprint of IT, and more particularly data centers, has started becoming a driver for cloud service providers (CSPs) to integrate their IT infrastructure’s environmental impact factors such as greenhouse gas emissions in their KPIs. This book covers various topics around these challenges in the form of self-contained chapters. The objective of this introductory chapter is to motivate and summarize each book chapter to help readers navigate and select.