Central sleep apnea affects less than 5% of healthy children. Though central sleep apnea in the form of periodic breathing is considered physiologically normal in late preterm and newborn infants, certain children with special health conditions such as those with cardiac or renal disease, structural neurologic abnormalities, or who are on medications that depress the central nervous system are at an increased risk of developing pathologic central sleep apnea. At times, central sleep apnea may present concurrently with obstructive sleep apnea as the unique entity of mixed sleep apnea. In other instances, central sleep apnea may appear subsequent to treatment of obstructive sleep apnea, which is referred to as complex sleep apnea. The etiology and severity of the central sleep apnea dictates management which may require a multidisciplinary approach and may involve addressing underlying comorbidities, use of continuous or bilevel positive airway pressure, medications, mechanical ventilation, or combinations thereof and more.