Introduction
摘要
This chapter introduces the tape-out process in semiconductor manufacturing. It discusses the semiconductor industry’s growth, the rising costs of chip design, and the industry’s segmentation into design, fabrication, assembly/packaging/test, and equipment manufacturing. The chapter also explores the rise of open-source tools in IC design, emphasizing their role in democratizing access to semiconductor fabrication, particularly through initiatives like DARPA’s Electronics Resurgence Initiative and the development of tools like OpenLane.