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Water pollution is a significant global challenge, with severe implications for both the environmental and human health. This study evaluated the pollution load and environmental effects of tannery effluent on the marine ecosystem. The most polluting procedures were identified to be pre-tanning stage, with chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration reaching as high as 30,000 mg L−1. Wastewater composition varied considerably through the production steps. The analysis of tannery effluents revealed substantial temporal variability, with COD concentration ranging from 700 to 3400 mg L−1 and suspended solids from 500 to 8000 mg L−1, corresponding to average pollution load of 114 and 358 kg/d, respectively. Chromium concentrations reached from 40 to 115 mg L−1, giving a daily load of 6.5 kg, while sulfide concentrations ranged from 65 to 160 mg L−1. The low biodegradability index (BOD5/COD: 0.1–0.2) indicates limited biodegradability of the effluent. To evaluate the impact on marine organisms, bioindicators including the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and algae Ulva lactuca and Corallina officinalis were examined. Significant chromium accumulation was observed in areas near wastewater discharge points, highlighting the effluent’s detrimental effects on marine ecosystems.

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Environmental and Marine Ecosystem Impacts of Tannery Effluent: Pollution Load, Variability, and Bioindicator Analysis

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Soukaina Harif,
  • Rachid Faouzi,
  • Moulay Abdelazize Aboulhassan

摘要

Water pollution is a significant global challenge, with severe implications for both the environmental and human health. This study evaluated the pollution load and environmental effects of tannery effluent on the marine ecosystem. The most polluting procedures were identified to be pre-tanning stage, with chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration reaching as high as 30,000 mg L−1. Wastewater composition varied considerably through the production steps. The analysis of tannery effluents revealed substantial temporal variability, with COD concentration ranging from 700 to 3400 mg L−1 and suspended solids from 500 to 8000 mg L−1, corresponding to average pollution load of 114 and 358 kg/d, respectively. Chromium concentrations reached from 40 to 115 mg L−1, giving a daily load of 6.5 kg, while sulfide concentrations ranged from 65 to 160 mg L−1. The low biodegradability index (BOD5/COD: 0.1–0.2) indicates limited biodegradability of the effluent. To evaluate the impact on marine organisms, bioindicators including the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and algae Ulva lactuca and Corallina officinalis were examined. Significant chromium accumulation was observed in areas near wastewater discharge points, highlighting the effluent’s detrimental effects on marine ecosystems.