Coastal Socio-ecological Systems: GIScience in Monitoring and Management
摘要
This chapter explores the application of geospatial technologies in the monitoring and management of coastal socio-ecological systems. Coastal ecosystems, among the Earth’s most productive and diverse, are increasingly threatened by human activities and climate change. Geospatial technologies provide a toolkit for understanding and addressing these challenges, enabling the collection, analysis, and visualization of spatial data across vast areas and timeframes. The chapter begins by examining the state of coastal ecosystems and the issues they encounter, such as climate change, erosion, pollution, habitat loss, and other socio-ecological concerns. It then details the geospatial technologies employed in coastal ecology monitoring and management, including geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing, and global positioning systems (GPS). The focus is on the application of these technologies in micro-level coastal planning, before expanding to cover broader topics such as coastal urbanization, forestry mapping, forest resource management, coastal disaster monitoring (e.g., flooding, storms, sea-level rise, erosion), socio-ecological vulnerability, hydrological management, shoreline change detection, oceanographic data collection, hazard mapping, and risk assessment. Additionally, the chapter addresses the role of geospatial technologies in sustainable coastal development, marine fisheries management, tourism, and land use planning. Therefore, this chapter highlights how geospatial technologies are transforming coastal ecology monitoring and management, offering new tools for improved decision-making and sustainability.