Natural wetlands offer a remarkable natural service. They act as natural filters, removing pollutants and sediments from water through various mechanisms. The dense vegetation in wetlands slows down water flow, allowing heavy sediment particles to settle out. This reduces turbidity and protects aquatic life. With the decline of natural wetlands, constructed wetlands have emerged as a sustainable and efficient alternative for wastewater treatment. These engineered systems mimic the natural processes of natural wetlands, utilizing a combination of plants, soil, and microbes to remove pollutants from wastewater sources such as sewage, stormwater runoff, and industrial effluents. Unlike traditional wastewater treatment plants, constructed wetlands operate with lower energy demands, smaller environmental footprints, and higher biodiversity. They also serve as valuable ecological resources, providing habitat for wildlife and performing other ecosystem services such as sediment reduction, nutrient management, and pollution removal. The ability of constructed wetlands to remove emerging contaminants like pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) is still under investigation. More research is needed to optimize treatment for these pollutants. However, as our understanding of these systems grows, we can further optimize their design and operation to address a wider range of wastewater challenges.