This chapter explores the role of phytoremediation in wetlands, focusing on the use of wetland plants to absorb, detoxify, and mitigate contaminants present in water. Wetlands serve as natural filtration systems, and the integration of phytoremediation techniques enhances their ability to treat various pollutants, including heavy metals, organic compounds, and nutrients. The chapter begins by providing an overview of wetland ecosystems, emphasizing their ecological importance and their function as buffers against environmental degradation. It then delves into the principles of phytoremediation, highlighting the mechanisms by which plants in wetland environments absorb and metabolize contaminants. The various types of phytoremediation; phytoextraction, phytodegradation, phytostabilization, phytovolatilization, and rhizofiltration are discussed in detail, with a focus on their applications in wetland management. Case studies of constructed wetlands designed for industrial and agricultural wastewater treatment are presented, demonstrating the effectiveness of phytoremediation in real-world scenarios. The chapter also examines factors influencing the efficiency of phytoremediation, such as plant species selection, environmental conditions, and plant-microbe interactions. Future perspectives and opportunities in the field are explored, including innovations in biotechnology, the integration of phytoremediation with other treatment methods, and policy considerations. Overall, this chapter underscores the potential of wetland phytoremediation as a sustainable and cost-effective approach to environmental remediation, contributing to the preservation and restoration of wetland ecosystems.