Emotional Violence as an Inverse Proximal Process Under the Perspective of the Bioecological Theory
摘要
Proximal processes are reciprocal, long-lasting, and progressively more complex interactions, established with the relationship between the developing person and other people, objects, and symbols of the environments in which they are inserted. Inverse proximal processes are enduring forms of harmful interactions in an immediate environment, which occur over prolonged periods and regularly, becoming increasingly complex in their negativity. The aim of this chapter was to explore intrafamilial emotional violence as an example of an inverse proximal process and discuss its suitability to the criteria proposed by Bronfenbrenner and Morris. Thus, we sought to investigate whether emotional violence can be understood as a proximal process, as proposed by the bioecological theory, but in its inverse form. Data were collected through narrative interviews and organized based on the phenomenological method of systematization. Despite some challenges in assessing bidirectionality and reciprocity, we concluded that emotional violence meets the criteria to be classified as an inverse proximal process. We highlight the importance of considering contextual factors and individual characteristics that shape the experience of emotional violence, emphasizing its lasting impact on development.