Brazil is the seventh most unequal country in the world and the first in income concentration. The relationship between social inequality and social and health problems is demonstrated through studies conducted by the scientific community using official data from international entities. Through a microsimulation, this study aims to demonstrate how much the Family Grant Program contributes to the reduction of social inequality in Brazil, and if an increase in the amount of the benefit could still reduce it, using data from official government entities to reproduce Brazil’s characteristics. The microsimulation suggests that the supply of the Family Grant causes a reduction of 0.037 in the Gini Coefficient, and the increase of its value can possibly reduce the Gini Coefficient by up to 0.074. The microsimulation also suggests that Family Grant Program has a immediate impact, serving as a mitigator in times of economic crisis.