Infectious diseases can spread extensively at elementary schools, and governments worldwide have proposed infection prevention measures for schools during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, a simulation model was constructed to assess the effectiveness of micro-level individual measures against contact transmission. Based on actual student communication and contact behaviors, we virtually replicated the movements of students using an agent-based model. The results showed that respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette were effective in mitigating contact transmission. Moreover, immediate handwashing after virus contact was demonstrated to be effective in preventing the spread of viruses by avoiding contact with doors. Wiping hands with a handkerchief or conducting hand disinfection were found to be the most effective when performed immediately on site.