This chapter theorizes digital business model innovation in Africa to position this book within the appropriate context of theory and practice. By drawing on empirical evidence from African digital platforms and synthesizing insights from established theories, the chapter addresses the unique challenges and opportunities present in African markets. At its core, the chapter offers three fundamental mechanisms: Value Creation, Value Delivery, and Value Capture, which interact with four critical contextual elements: Infrastructure Context, Economic Structure, Cultural Systems, and Development Goals. The chapter explains how successful digital platforms navigate varying levels of infrastructure development, bridge formal and informal economic sectors, and maintain cultural relevance while achieving scale. Through enabling factors and dynamic capabilities, it demonstrates how digital businesses develop sustainable competitive advantages in African markets. The chapter offers a practical operationalization pathway through an implementation canvas that provides practical guidance for digital business model development. By offering a structured approach to understanding digital business model innovation in Africa, this chapter contributes to both scholarly discourse and practical implementation in Africa’s evolving digital economy.