Imposter syndrome, a phenomenon that traces its origins to a 1978 publication by two female psychologists, continues to be important for academic medicine faculty to recognize and work to reduce. This chapter explores the origins of the term, as well as its relevance to and prevalence among medical practitioners in current practice. It details the factors contributing to higher levels of imposter syndrome experienced by physicians when compared to those in other professions. It then explores common manifestations of the syndrome in physicians. Incorporating this background, the chapter outlines strategies to help academic physicians avoid the risks and pitfalls associated with imposter syndrome and to encourage practitioners to take steps to counter its effects.