Studies on the anatomy of the ear go back to Duverney (Traité de l’organe de l’ouie. Michallet, Paris (also published by Langerak, Leyden, in Latin, 1730, and a new French edition in 1731; and an English version by Baker, London, 1737, translated by John Marshall), 1683), Cotugno (De acquaeductus auris humanae internae (Dissertation). Typographia Sanctae Thomas Aquinatis, Napoli, 1760), Scarpa (De structura fenestrae rotundae aurii et de tympano secundario anatomicae observationes. Modena, 1772; Anatomicae disquisitiones de auditu et olfactu. Galeati, Pavia, 1789), Soemmerring (Abbildungen des menschlichen Hörorgans. Varrentrapp & Wenner, Frankfurt am Main, 1806) and later Retzius (Das Gehörorgan der Wirbelthiere, Vol. I. Samson and Wallin, Stockholm, 1881; Das Gehörorgan der Wirbelthiere, Vol. II. Samson and Wallin, Stockholm, 1884). But their extensive studies only sparsely earned them an eponym. It was up to Corti and Reissner to start the long series of eponyms on the ear, particularly on the inner ear. Kölliker (Mikroskopische Anatomie oder Gewebelehre des Menschen. Engelmann, Leipzig, 1852; Handbuch der Gewebelehre des Menschen für Ärzte und Studierende. Engelmann, Leipzig, 1867) referred to Corti’s description (Z Wiss Zool 3:109–172, 1851) of the spiral organ as the organ of Corti. Reissner (De auris internae formatione (Dissertation). Laakmann, Dorpat, 1851) described the membrane separating the cochlear duct or scala media (eponym: canal of Reissner; also described by Löwenberg BB. La lame spirale du limaçon de l’oreille et des mammifères. Paris, 1864) from the scala vestibuli (eponym: membrane of Reissner), identifying three distinct channels in the cochlear canal instead of two as previously thought. From now on, many new structures, cells in particular, have been identified with the rationale that names of first identifiers should be associated with the structure they identified. Almost all of these new eponyms date back to the second half of the nineteenth century. Only a few were added in the twentieth century, including some clinical eponyms. The official terminology for the ear is found in the TNA (Terminologia Neuroanatomica. http://FIPAT.library.dal.ca ; Digital, updated version of 2022 available at https://ifaa.unifr.ch , 2017; http://FIPAT.library.dal.ca) and in a digital version of the TNA of 2022 at https://ifaa.unifr.ch . After an overview of the ear, eponyms for structures of the middle ear, the bony labyrinth, the cochlear labyrinth, the spiral organ, and on neural components of the ear will be discussed. For further data on the various authors quoted, reference is made to Part II (The Anatomical Eponyms from A to Z) and figures in this part.

Anatomical Eponyms in Otology

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发表日期：

2025年

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Hans J. ten Donkelaar,
David Kachlík,
Vedat Topsakal

摘要

Studies on the anatomy of the ear go back to Duverney (Traité de l’organe de l’ouie. Michallet, Paris (also published by Langerak, Leyden, in Latin, 1730, and a new French edition in 1731; and an English version by Baker, London, 1737, translated by John Marshall), 1683), Cotugno (De acquaeductus auris humanae internae (Dissertation). Typographia Sanctae Thomas Aquinatis, Napoli, 1760), Scarpa (De structura fenestrae rotundae aurii et de tympano secundario anatomicae observationes. Modena, 1772; Anatomicae disquisitiones de auditu et olfactu. Galeati, Pavia, 1789), Soemmerring (Abbildungen des menschlichen Hörorgans. Varrentrapp & Wenner, Frankfurt am Main, 1806) and later Retzius (Das Gehörorgan der Wirbelthiere, Vol. I. Samson and Wallin, Stockholm, 1881; Das Gehörorgan der Wirbelthiere, Vol. II. Samson and Wallin, Stockholm, 1884). But their extensive studies only sparsely earned them an eponym. It was up to Corti and Reissner to start the long series of eponyms on the ear, particularly on the inner ear. Kölliker (Mikroskopische Anatomie oder Gewebelehre des Menschen. Engelmann, Leipzig, 1852; Handbuch der Gewebelehre des Menschen für Ärzte und Studierende. Engelmann, Leipzig, 1867) referred to Corti’s description (Z Wiss Zool 3:109–172, 1851) of the spiral organ as the organ of Corti. Reissner (De auris internae formatione (Dissertation). Laakmann, Dorpat, 1851) described the membrane separating the cochlear duct or scala media (eponym: canal of Reissner; also described by Löwenberg BB. La lame spirale du limaçon de l’oreille et des mammifères. Paris, 1864) from the scala vestibuli (eponym: membrane of Reissner), identifying three distinct channels in the cochlear canal instead of two as previously thought. From now on, many new structures, cells in particular, have been identified with the rationale that names of first identifiers should be associated with the structure they identified. Almost all of these new eponyms date back to the second half of the nineteenth century. Only a few were added in the twentieth century, including some clinical eponyms. The official terminology for the ear is found in the TNA (Terminologia Neuroanatomica. http://FIPAT.library.dal.ca ; Digital, updated version of 2022 available at https://ifaa.unifr.ch , 2017; http://FIPAT.library.dal.ca) and in a digital version of the TNA of 2022 at https://ifaa.unifr.ch . After an overview of the ear, eponyms for structures of the middle ear, the bony labyrinth, the cochlear labyrinth, the spiral organ, and on neural components of the ear will be discussed. For further data on the various authors quoted, reference is made to Part II (The Anatomical Eponyms from A to Z) and figures in this part.