Personal assistance is seen as a key tool to realise the goals of independent living for disabled people. A main principle in the Independent Living paradigm is that personal assistance should be valuable for people with any disability which results in long-term functional limitations that impair the individual’s ability to maintain independence. Still, persons with intellectual disabilities are a minority among the PA users, and it varies between countries whether they are included among persons who have the possibility to have PA. Within the Nordic welfare states there are similarities, but also considerable differences regarding the extent of PA, how it is legislated, organised and implemented and who is included in the service. The chapter accounts for how PA is organised and has developed in the Nordic countries and how the development has consequences for persons with intellectual disabilities. The presentation forms the basis for a discussion about how and to what degree PA might contribute to fulfilling the goals of independent living and self-determination for persons with intellectual disabilities, what challenges the service face and how they should be met to realise these goals.