Human–robot collaboration (HRC) concerns with bringing humans and robots together with the objective to achieve a shared or common goal within a shared workplace or environment. HRC fosters on making optimum use of qualities and strengths of both humans and robots. On the one hand, where traditional robotics is constrained to function in isolated environment, collaborative robot serves to interact and work in shared-space alongside humans. This interdisciplinary field focuses on bringing perfect blend of human creativity and robot precision to surface. HRC can help with overcoming different obstacles such as labor shortage, aging population, increased demands and escalating operational flexibility. Technological advancements such as artificial intelligence, natural language processing, sensors and more focus on enhancing adaptability, efficiency and safety. HRC finds its application in various sectors including healthcare, manufacturing, assembly lines, logistics and more. Further, understanding and exploring possible challenges HRC can encounter can help the overall aspects concerned with HRC.