This paper describes a design scheme for a data acquisition device for the aquaculture industry. The system aims to realize real-time collection, transmission, processing and display of aquaculture environmental data through the Internet of Things technology. The design includes high-precision sensors for capturing real-time data of water temperature, ammonia, PH value and ammonia in an aquaculture environment, wireless transmission of data to the cloud server using a WiFi module, and connection between upper computer software and cloud server database through JDBC or ORM framework. The upper computer software design uses Java programming language, with a user-friendly interface that can intuitively display the breeding environment data. During the design process, we focus on the stability, security and scalability of the system. Modular design ideas and interface definition, as well as the use of open-source frameworks and libraries, ensure that the system has good scalability and is easy to add and modify subsequent functions. At the same time, we plan to implement a comprehensive exception-handling mechanism and logging to facilitate troubleshooting and fault recovery. The intelligent aquaculture management system design scheme proposed in this paper aims to provide comprehensive, efficient and intelligent management support for the aquaculture industry through the Internet of Things technology, provide farmers with convenient data management and operation experience, and promote the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry.