Even though racialized and poor people are incarcerated at disproportionate rates, social work practice within carceral spaces does not typically utilize an anti-oppressive framework. There is often a reinforcement of the notion of “criminal thinking” and individual deficits, rather than an emphasis on structural inequities and systemic oppression. For social work to be anti-oppressive, the social context in which people come to be incarcerated must be incorporated into interventions. How can we seek to understand the lives of people experiencing incarceration within the oppressive contexts that led to their incarceration? How can we ensure that our work does not further oppress marginalized populations? This chapter seeks to answer those questions and to provide best practices informed by a social worker with years of experience working within carceral spaces.