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Managing emergency vehicles (EVs) like fire trucks and ambulances is crucial for efficient prehospital services and optimized response times. The Emergency Medical Services (EMS) system’s complexity complicates this task. Over recent years, research has increasingly focused on location problems, especially vehicle allocation and routing. A comprehensive review of this field over the past 50 years is essential to uncover key contributions and trends. This study conducts a bibliometric review using data from Scopus and Web of Science, analyzed with Microsoft Excel, Biblioshiny, and Vosviewer. Findings show a marked rise in publications and citations since 2006, reflecting growing interest. The research is mainly divided into allocation, routing, and combined allocation-routing problems, often involving location, dispatching, and redeployment strategies. Dynamic and probabilistic methods are frequently used. This review traces the evolution of emergency vehicle management research, emphasizing the integration of allocation and routing in location problems. Such integration is necessary for improving survival rates and emergency care. Future work should focus on dynamic models with uncertain parameters to address ongoing EMS management challenges.

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Fifty Years of Progress in Emergency Vehicle Management: Trends in Allocation and Routing

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Nadia Zoubir,
  • Mohammed Reda Chbihi Louhdi,
  • Nihad Aghbalou,
  • Hicham Behja,
  • Mohamed El Moufid,
  • Hicham Medromi

摘要

Managing emergency vehicles (EVs) like fire trucks and ambulances is crucial for efficient prehospital services and optimized response times. The Emergency Medical Services (EMS) system’s complexity complicates this task. Over recent years, research has increasingly focused on location problems, especially vehicle allocation and routing. A comprehensive review of this field over the past 50 years is essential to uncover key contributions and trends. This study conducts a bibliometric review using data from Scopus and Web of Science, analyzed with Microsoft Excel, Biblioshiny, and Vosviewer. Findings show a marked rise in publications and citations since 2006, reflecting growing interest. The research is mainly divided into allocation, routing, and combined allocation-routing problems, often involving location, dispatching, and redeployment strategies. Dynamic and probabilistic methods are frequently used. This review traces the evolution of emergency vehicle management research, emphasizing the integration of allocation and routing in location problems. Such integration is necessary for improving survival rates and emergency care. Future work should focus on dynamic models with uncertain parameters to address ongoing EMS management challenges.