This chapter reviews the active transport of solutes in bacteria attributed to chemiosmotic activities (proton or Na+ driven, ATP-driven transport, and group translocation). A discussion of transport in response to osmotic pressure includes the roles of aquaporins and gated channels. Transport of cationic and anionic minerals are identified. Additional transport activities for amino acid, peptides, vitamin B12, and antibiotics are reviewed. The organization of transport activities are examined and the role of chaperones for movement of metal ions is presented.