This chapter introduces and contextualises an edited volume that addresses the urgent need for conceptual clarity in debates on gender-neutral, gender-fair, and gender-inclusive language across European contexts. While research on inclusive linguistic practices has expanded significantly, the precise terminology used to describe them remains inconsistent and controversial. Terms such as gender-inclusive, gender-neutral, gender-fair, and non-sexist language are often employed interchangeably, despite carrying distinct ideological, cultural, and linguistic connotations. By bringing together contributions on nine European languages (Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Polish, Romanian, Spanish, and Swedish), the volume highlights both commonalities and differences in the development, adoption, and reception of these terms. Key themes emerging from the comparative analysis include terminological instability, shifting waves of usage, tensions between binary and non-binary inclusion, discrepancies between institutional and public preferences, and resistance rooted in sociopolitical and ideological divides. The chapter also reviews the results of the cross-linguistic analyses and draws conclusions regarding overarching patterns, including the influence of translation, the impact of political debate, and the persistence of conceptual vagueness. It demonstrates that the absence of shared definitions constrains scholarly dialogue, policy development, and practical implementation. By tracing terminological variation, synthesising results, and proposing directions for greater conceptual clarity, the volume provides both a framework for academic debate and a practical resource for educators, translators, policymakers, journalists, and organisations navigating the complex terrain of gender and language.