Arsenic contamination in drinking water is a significant global health concern, affecting millions of people, particularly in regions dependent on groundwater sources. Effective remediation requires a comprehensive understanding and application of arsenic removal technologies. This chapter provides an extensive review of conventional arsenic removal methods, focusing on their mechanisms, operational principles, practical applications, strengths, and limitations. Methods covered include coagulation-flocculation, adsorption, ion exchange, membrane filtration, and oxidation. Coagulation-flocculation involves the addition of coagulants to form flocs that adsorb arsenic, followed by sedimentation and filtration, with a discussion of the types of coagulants used and their effectiveness under varying water chemistries. Adsorption techniques analyse various adsorbents, such as activated alumina, iron-based adsorbents, and natural materials, evaluating factors such as surface area, porosity, and regeneration capabilities. Ion exchange explores the use of resins to selectively remove arsenic ions, assessing the performance of different resins, regeneration processes, and the impact of competing ions. Membrane filtration techniques, including reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, and ultrafiltration, are examined for their high removal efficiencies, balanced against limitations such as membrane fouling and high operational costs. Oxidation processes, including chemical oxidation and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), are discussed for their role in converting arsenic to a more easily removable form, evaluating the effectiveness of various oxidizing agents, and integration with other treatment methods. Each method is scrutinized for its strengths, including removal efficiency, ease of implementation, and cost-effectiveness, while also considering limitations such as operational complexity, maintenance requirements, and environmental impacts. By providing a detailed analysis of these conventional methods, this chapter aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of their current state and identify areas where further research and innovation are needed, supporting the development of advanced and sustainable arsenic remediation technologies to ensure safe drinking water worldwide.