In numerous areas of the world, food production is disrupted by climate change. Crops are at risk because the following extreme weather events, such as heat waves, droughts, floods, and cold snaps. The atmosphere amount of carbon dioxide also rises. By 2050, food production must rise by 70% due to the growing global population, which will put strain on food quality standards. Food items, food consumption, and food insecurity have all increased as a result of the effects of Industrialization, environmental change, urbanization, and climate change. A sustainable environment relies heavily on agricultural production, with a primary focus on addressing the challenges in this sector. To guarantee food security, the United Nations has begun implementing its climate-smart agriculture strategy into action. Breeding climate-resilient crops, or plant cultivars with increased tolerance to extreme environmental circumstances, is a particular component of this initiative. The existing homogeneous state of modern agriculture requires diversification in the species and cultivars of plants that are grown. The main focus of this study is to introduce new molecular technologies that should be heavily integrated into plant breeding projects, bolstered by the advancement of field phenotype technologies. Breeders and scientists from other scientific disciplines should collaborate closely.