It took years to conclude a peace treaty with the Ottoman Empire after the Mudros armistice. This lapse of time allowed conditions on the ground and the conflicting interests among the victors of World War I to undermine the Treaty of Sevres and bring Greece, one of the victors, in the position of the defeated party in Lausanne. In the League of Nations era with the rule of law avowedly having central role, the Treaty of Lausanne stands out as an instrument establishing peace by ignoring human rights or subjecting them to reciprocity and by excluding criminal responsibility.