The Myth of the Americanization of the World
摘要
One can say that much of the world has been Europeanizing or Americanizing, in the sense that non-Europeans have adopted several European practices over the last half-millennium and likewise for American practices over the last century. However, these changes have come with a dose of indigenization. These processes have been evident in the ways Indo-European languages have been practiced in (former) European colonies. Similar processes have occurred before, such as the Sinicization of China, the Romanization of part of Europe, and the Bantuization of part of Central, Eastern, and Southern Africa. It is not true that English has helped spread the worldwide economic globalization. On the contrary, it has benefited from the successes of England’s colonial ventures and of the British, Anglophone North American, and Australian worldwide dominance in capitalist economic practices, military power, and science and technology. Its spread is connected to demands on the market for a common lingua franca. On the other hand, language evolution, including LEL, is shaped primarily by local interactional dynamics. Before invoking worldwide globalization to account for them, several linguists should first try to understand what economic globalization is, how it works, and why local or national dynamics of the phenomenon bear more on language vitality than those at world level. English is not displacing other languages everywhere in world.