Malaria and Melancholia: Writing Life in Colonial India
摘要
Ronald Ross’s discovery of the double life cycle of the malaria parasite in a Calcutta laboratory is a densely scripted moment in the history of tropical medicine. As poet and scientist, Surgeon-Major Ross produced a prodigious amount of writing—laboratory notes, scientific correspondence, poetry, memoir—before, during, and after the discovery that won him a Nobel Prize. Written concurrently, the Ross-Manson correspondence and “In Exile,” his long poem provide a blow-by-blow account of the process of discovery in two “languages”—science and literature—and a close-up look at the pains and pleasures of the discoverer’s writing life in the backwaters of the Raj. Focusing on his productivity as poet-scientist of and in Anglo-India, this chapter reads Ross’s humanist self-representation as melancholic genius caught between science and poetry while also attending to the mutating animal and spatial ecologies that hosted the scientific objects and structures that enabled his discovery of the interspecies entanglement between man, mosquito, and “beast”/parasite. The scientific correspondence with Patrick Manson who was located in London reveals as well how the local space of the Indian laboratory was networked into broader mobilities and urgencies through steam-powered postal technologies that made proximate the worlds of colonial and metropolitan science. While most current studies center the public, lionized metropolitan Ross who emerged, after 1899, from the backwaters of the Indian Medical Service to begin a new life cycle as nationally and internationally renowned expert, this chapter remains focused on an obscurer, gestating Ross, if you will, whose roots and routes remained in Anglo-India. Dwelling on this avatar of the melancholic Anglo-Indian poet and investigator nuances Ross’s identity as an imperial scientist and celebrity in Britain, offering a more multi-sited and complex analysis of the man, his medicine, and his writing.