Professional rock breaking equipment has been developed based on supercritical fluid impact rock-breaking technology, addressing issues such as difficulty in rock excavation, high safety risks, and difficulty in controlling progress in complex and sensitive environments, introducing the construction methods of the equipment in bench excavation. The equipment’s rock breaking effect and environmental impact have been verified through on-site application testing. The results show that supercritical fluid impact rock breaking equipment has a better rock breaking effect on intact rock masses, and hydraulic hammer are needed to carry out secondary breakup in fractured rock masses because high-pressure gas is released and escapes from the original structural plane, which cannot provide a sufficient load for rock fragmentation. However, this did not significantly impact the operational efficiency of the equipment. The vibration induced by supercritical fluid impact rock breaking is very weak, fully meeting the construction requirements of complex and sensitive environments.