John Parr begins this chapter by focusing on the work for which Christaller is best known, including Central Places in Southern Germany, his magnum opus. Consideration is given to the principal foundations of Central Place Theory and to some of its deficiencies. Attention is then focused on the reception of the work in academic and professional circles. The broader impact of Christaller’s work is examined by Parr from two perspectives. The first considers the testing of his theoretical model against existing urban systems, as well as how it came to influence the framing of public policy. The second involves a survey of some of the more important extensions to the initial model that have been proposed since the late 1950s. The chapter concludes by reflecting on the works and life of Christaller. His great contribution is argued to be his demonstration of the importance of centrality in an urban system, and his study on Southern Germany was an admirable case study of this. Although some useful work had been undertaken earlier in the century on trading areas in the rural areas of the US, this did not compare with the depth and breadth of Christaller’s approach. With the exception of Lösch, no other author has come close to equaling this work in terms of insight and originality, a work that has made a major impact on urban analysis. There can be no doubt that Christaller deserves to be regarded as one of the Great Minds of Regional Science.