An alarming tale of agriculture amidst climate change is modern farming techniques, characterized by the excessive use of chemical fertilizers, have ruined the once-fertile land by draining vital nutrients and irreparably damaging the delicate ecosystem surrounding them. Overutilization of these nonbiodegradable chemicals such as potassium chloride, urea, anhydrous ammonia, granular triple superphosphate, etc., leads to residue accumulation on agricultural products, contamination of the environment, disruption of agrarian ecosystem, and degradation of soil quality. The emergence of nanotechnology in recent times has significantly revolutionized agriculture through the introduction of nanofertilizer technology. Utilizing nanomaterials as nanofertilizers is a promising strategy to improve nutrient distribution in plants, resulting in increased crop productivity, yield, and environmental friendliness thereby overcoming the limitations of conventional chemical fertilization methods. Nanofertilizers are nano-sized materials designed to deliver essential nutrients directly to plants, enabling efficient nutrient uptake and utilization. These nanoscale particles possess unique properties that allow for the controlled release of nutrients, increased bioavailability, and improved nutrient use efficiency. Moreover, their small size facilitates easy penetration into plant tissues, promoting targeted delivery specifically to the areas where nutrient demand is highest. Incorporating functionalized nanoparticles can also enhance soil fertility by promoting microbial activity and nutrient cycling. Furthermore, nanofertilizers have shown the potential to mitigate the harmful effects of abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, cold stress, heavy metals, and heat stress by improving water retention capacity and facilitating stress-related hormonal signaling pathways. However, it is crucial to ensure rigorous evaluation of any potential toxicological implications of these novel materials before widespread adoption in agricultural practices. This chapter focuses on the utilization and impact of nanomaterials as nanofertilizers which holds great promise in revolutionizing crop production systems with increased yields and reduced environmental impact.