The rapid rise in anti-microbial resistance (AMR) among pathogens from excessive antibiotic use presents a danger to global public health. Over 79% of known pathogens have been suggested to have developed resistance toward one or more anti-microbial agents, causing researchers to explore innovative solutions to this problem. Carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, graphene, and fullerenes ranging between 1 and 100 nm in dimensions have been presented as promising avenues for developing new strategies to combat a broad spectrum of pathogens, including multi-drug resistance strains. The small size, substantially large surface-to-volume ratio, and higher interior volume as other diverse physicochemical features of these nanomaterials have been studied to disrupt microbial membranes physically, generate oxidative stress, and cause biofilm penetration, thus reducing the likelihood of resistance development. Carbon nanoparticles like fullerene have also been suggested to inhibit bacterial growth by impairing the respiratory chain and inhibiting metabolic processes. In addition to this, these nanomaterials also tend to act synergistically with antibiotics and other poly-indole nanocomposites to enhance anti-microbial efficiency. Despite their advantages over conventional anti-microbials, nanomaterials have been suggested to cause cellular toxicity and ecotoxicity. This chapter will explore the current landscape of anti-microbial resistance and how carbon nanomaterials could augment the efficacy of traditional antibiotics. We will also explore the mechanistic insights into the anti-microbial properties of these nanomaterials, their design, their applications, and their associated challenges.