Patients presenting with esophageal symptoms such as dysphagia or chest pain potentially are affected by esophageal motor disorders. Those symptoms represent the first complaint and the most common reasons for referral to a gastroenterologist. Esophageal motor disorders can stem from dysfunction in various areas: the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) and/or the cervical esophagus; the mid and distal esophagus; and the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) or esophagogastric junction (EGJ). Esophageal high-resolution manometry (HRM) is considered the gold standard for diagnosing esophageal motor disorders. This chapter provides a brief overview of the major esophageal motor disorders.