This study aims to explore and identify the next fundamental question for AI entities to succeed in Turing’s question, ‘Can machines think?’ and to redefine the standards for assessing artificial intelligence. The research identifies a question of similar magnitude, generality, and interdisciplinarity to Turing’s question. This research work systematically reviewed the specialized literature, applying the PRISMA guidelines on Scopus and WoS. Further it is resorted to an oriented self-literature review (o.SLR) of previous works to formulate the question. The research revealed a significant gap in the specialized literature, with no works explicitly formulating a question of the same magnitude as Turing’s. Based on the analyses, the question are proposed such, ‘Can machines grow up?’ to which the Growth and Realization of Autonomous Wisdom (GROW-AI) test is assigned to investigate the capacity of AI entities to evolve autonomously and responsibly. The study makes an innovative contribution by formulating a new fundamental question for AI. This provides a unique perspective on future research and development directions, with significant implications for redefining the relationship between AI and society.