Digitalization and advanced psychodiagnostic tools have the potential to improve rehabilitation in a multitude of ways. In this field, characterized by high comorbidities of mental health and somatic problems, we explore the impact of digital technologies in enhancing the psychodiagnostic process through patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), computer-adaptive testing (CAT), and real-time sensing frameworks. These technologies provide a potential groundwork for precise, efficient, and personalized patient care. Based on a case study (RehaCAT), we present a possible framework of how to implement digital platforms into routine care, thereby offering streamlined, adaptive assessments that support clinical decision-making and improve patient empowerment. While digital innovations hold promise, challenges remain concerning topics such as technological acceptance, standardization of data, and ethical considerations. Addressing these barriers is crucial in order to maximizing the potential of digital psychodiagnostics in transforming rehabilitation practices.