The second chapter starts with a review of the strategic roles and implications of design in business organisations, with a particular emphasis on presenting the contributions of design thinking for business innovation and organisational changes. The research in strategic design and design thinking has achieved significant outcomes to expand the scope of design application to more strategic domains, including innovation processes, organisational development, behaviours, culture, and systemic paradigms. Additionally, explores the strategic role of design beyond the business sector, emphasizing its impact in complex social contexts where environmental, social, and cultural considerations are vital. The current applications of design thinking face limitations in fully leveraging strategic values to foster transformative solutions to complex societal challenges.