Global technological advancements and industrialization have led to the increased usage of electronic devices. The rapid accumulation of electronic waste (e-waste) presents significant threats to our environment and public health, largely due to improper disposal practices. As the need for sustainable solutions grows, innovative bioprocessing techniques offer a promising alternative to conventional e-waste recycling methods. These approaches harness the natural capabilities of microorganisms to interact with metals, degrade plastics, and manage hazardous substances found in electronic waste. By employing bio-based products derived from renewable resources, like microbial diversity and plant-based materials, bioprocessing provides an environmentally sustainable solution for e-waste disposal and management. This chapter summarizes the latest advancements in bioprocessing approaches for sustainable management of e-waste, using biomaterials for disassembly and separation of electronic components. It emphasizes the role of microbial diversity in retrieving valuable metals, reducing waste, and addressing toxic contaminants. Additionally, the chapter offers a comprehensive analysis of bioleaching, biosorption, phytoremediation techniques, and their contributions to enhancing the efficiency of e-waste recycling systems in a sustainable manner.