Edible insects present a transformative solution to global food security challenges, offering significant benefits in terms of nutrition, economics, and sustainability. This chapter focuses on the role of edible insects in addressing food insecurity and fostering development, highlighting their potential to improve food systems, support local economies, and promote environmental sustainability. Nutritionally, insects are rich in protein, essential fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals, making them a viable alternative to traditional animal-based and plant-based foods, with protein content ranging from 15% to 81%, often surpassing conventional meat sources. Economically, insect farming is a cost-effective, high-yield opportunity, particularly in resource-limited regions, offering a sustainable income source for smallholder farmers while bolstering local food security. Furthermore, insect farming has a significantly lower environmental footprint compared to livestock, with reduced greenhouse gas emissions and minimal land and water usage, contributing to more sustainable agricultural systems. To harness the full potential of edible insects, coordinated global efforts are required. Governments, international organizations, and private sectors must work together to develop regulatory frameworks, promote consumer acceptance, and invest in educational campaigns to overcome cultural barriers. The integration of edible insects into food systems also necessitates investment in research and infrastructure to improve production methods, ensure food safety, and develop insect-based fortified products to address specific dietary deficiencies. With a growing demand for sustainable and nutritious food sources, edible insects hold the potential to reshape global food systems, promoting economic development, environmental sustainability, and social equity. As awareness and acceptance continue to rise, edible insects could play a crucial role in alleviating food insecurity and supporting rural economies in the face of escalating environmental and demographic challenges.