Application of Photovoltaic-Thermal Collectors in Energy Management Systems Integrated with Hydrogen Production, Storage, and Utilization
摘要
The global energy background is undergoing a noteworthy change, driven by the crucial need to alleviate climate change and reduce our reliance on fossil fuels. As the world deals with the concerns of unsustainable energy consumption, there is a growing consensus on the importance of transitioning to clean energy sources. Renewable energy sources have gained weighty traction in recent years due to their potential to provide clean energy. Among the renewable energy sources, solar energy, with its abundant availability and zero-emission profile, has emerged as a leading candidate to meet the energy challenge. The ability of this source to produce heat and electricity has been proven. However, due to the high cost and relatively low efficiency of solar energy systems, researchers are still looking for more efficient systems. Recently, photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) collectors have gained vital attention as a promising technology for sustainable energy production. These hybrid panels not only generate electricity but also capture and utilize the heat from sunlight. PVT collectors are finding a new application as the energy source in energy management systems (EMSs) that integrate hydrogen generation, storage, and utilization. Hydrogen, as a clean-burning fuel, has the potential to replace fossil fuels in various applications, including transportation, heating, and electricity generation. It offers a significant solution for energy storage, enabling the capture of excess renewable energy. This storage capability ensures a reliable energy source, even when these intermittent sources are not producing power. The main objective of this chapter is to review the application of the PVT collectors in the hydrogen-based EMS. First, the PVT types and applications, as well as the role of hydrogen in the energy future, are discussed. Then, the application of PVT collectors in hydrogen production is reviewed. Finally, the application of the PVT collectors in hydrogen-based EMS is discussed.