The advancement of robotics in healthcare has been marked by a historical trajectory of technological innovations that have transformed healthcare. Initially, robots were introduced in basic functions, such as mechanical surgical assistants, evolving into sophisticated systems including rehabilitation, telemedicine, and support for geriatric and dehospitalized patients. This chapter aims to elucidate the various healthcare domains in which robots are integrated. The COVID-19 pandemic has boosted the use of artificial intelligence in robotics, increasing its visibility and promoting research on its integration in hospital and home environments. Despite facing obstacles, the continued evolution of robotics and artificial intelligence promises to transform the healthcare sector, promoting greater efficiency, personalized care, and integration between humans and robots. In Brazil, robots have been widely used, demonstrating their versatility in several areas, especially in healthcare. Some studies indicate their effectiveness in motivating people during physical exercise, in addition to their use in telemedicine, virtual hospital visits, and support for home care, contributing to the optimization of care, reducing the workload of healthcare professionals, as well as expanding access to healthcare services. The adoption of these technologies faces ethical, social, and regulatory challenges, such as the need to balance automation with human interaction and ensure legal compliance and data security. The future of robotics in healthcare will depend on technological development, professional training, and patient acceptance, ensuring an innovative and humanized approach to healthcare.