Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurological disorder characterized by a decline in cognitive function and independence in daily activities. It is the main cause of dementia and starts mostly after 65 years of age. Motor impairment, particularly in the hand is one of the non-cognitive symptoms overshadowed by cognitive decline in AD. A comprehensive analysis was carried out to assess the hand’s motor function in individuals with AD. This review includes studies published to date and systematically identifies and evaluates relevant papers from various databases. Out of the 2671 papers that the search turned up, 602 were accepted based only on their titles, and 256 were rejected after reviewing their abstracts. Fifteen publications that examined the impact of AD on motor abilities such as grip strength, visuomotor integration, coordination, etc. underwent full-text analysis. The review reported the following outcomes: Patients experienced loss in fine motor performance and weakness in grip strength; The presence of ideomotor apraxia can be used to diagnose AD; AD patients exhibited typical fine motor patterns i.e. decrease in automation with unchanged peak velocity; There was an abnormality in the relative timing of hand and eye movements in the early phases of AD; Bimanual gestures and motor function impairments are reliable indicators of mild to moderate AD; Effective hand exercise intervention may improve motor functions of the hand.

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Impacts of Alzheimer’s Disease on the Motor Functions of the Hand: A Comprehensive Review

  • Krishnakumar Sankar,
  • Ashwin Kumar Manickam Rajakavitha,
  • Jeffrey Mathew Vaidyan,
  • Mohammad Rasmi Al-Mousa,
  • Jayant Giri,
  • Rami Almatarneh

摘要

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurological disorder characterized by a decline in cognitive function and independence in daily activities. It is the main cause of dementia and starts mostly after 65 years of age. Motor impairment, particularly in the hand is one of the non-cognitive symptoms overshadowed by cognitive decline in AD. A comprehensive analysis was carried out to assess the hand’s motor function in individuals with AD. This review includes studies published to date and systematically identifies and evaluates relevant papers from various databases. Out of the 2671 papers that the search turned up, 602 were accepted based only on their titles, and 256 were rejected after reviewing their abstracts. Fifteen publications that examined the impact of AD on motor abilities such as grip strength, visuomotor integration, coordination, etc. underwent full-text analysis. The review reported the following outcomes: Patients experienced loss in fine motor performance and weakness in grip strength; The presence of ideomotor apraxia can be used to diagnose AD; AD patients exhibited typical fine motor patterns i.e. decrease in automation with unchanged peak velocity; There was an abnormality in the relative timing of hand and eye movements in the early phases of AD; Bimanual gestures and motor function impairments are reliable indicators of mild to moderate AD; Effective hand exercise intervention may improve motor functions of the hand.