Fires are a challenge that every country encounters, with consequences that can be either minimal or devastating. In high-rise buildings, responding to fire emergencies becomes much more complex, as there may not be enough quick and efficient response tools available. In recent years, rapid urban development in South American countries has heightened the risk of severe outcomes from urban fires, as not all nations are fully equipped to handle such emergencies. The objective of this study is to explore the potential of drones in addressing high-rise fire emergencies, with a specific focus on people detection algorithms and fire mitigation mechanisms. A systematic literature review was carried out on firefighting drones, with the guidance of five research questions and the use of PRISMA and PICo methodologies.