In this chapter, we draw the conclusion of our analyses and relate them to the theoretical framework built in Chap. 2 . Based on our literature review, we hypothesized that long-term demographic decline may negatively affect digital innovation and have identified several possible mechanisms to explain why this effect could occur. Specifically, depopulation and aging can reduce organizational resources that are pivotal for innovation and create an age-dependent demand structure for public action. The quantitative study shows that depopulation and aging have a statistically significant and negative correlation with digital innovation, especially when the latter concerns public services or enabling platforms, thus supporting our hypothesis. The qualitative study illustrates how intense aging can shape the priorities of a municipal administration. We encourage policymakers and governments to experiment with and implement policies designed to mitigate the effects of depopulation and aging or revert the demographic decline.