Decision Support Systems (DSS) address the necessity to refine and administer the continuously growing magnitude of data, by creating efficacious and reliable structures. Various fields such as Smart Healthcare, Smart homes, and Military Security, among others, are incorporating DSS to process sensitive and crucial information, to make optimal decisions. Given that even the slightest vulnerability can potentially result in disastrous outcomes, strengthening the mechanisms that safeguard our data is essential. Consequently, with the exponential evolvement of Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), utilizing the capabilities of decision-making systems in critical domains like hardware security was merely a question of time. In this chapter, the impact of AI οn hardware security was examined. We provide condensed knowledge about different implementations of AI in hardware security, as well as explore the idea of leveraging the weaknesses of AI in the training process to reduce its effectiveness when used by adversaries. From the perspective of the defending side, we examine how AI, combined with Side Channel Analysis, can be implemented as a detection mechanism against Trojans. Insight is also provided into the ways adversaries can perform effective and robust Side Channel Attacks by employing AI competently. Finally, attacks targeting Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs), and infiltrating AI models by implanting hardware Trojans are examined.