From the local scale of a single study site, we now transition to a global scale and continue our journey through various Earth science data. We live on unstable ground, and daily information that reaches us through the media confirms this statement. Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions cause damage to man-made infrastructure and even human deaths due to processes such as building collapse and the dissemination of volcanic ash. Earthquakes in southern Turkey and northern Syria in 2023 resulted in >52,000 deaths (Zilio and Ampuero 2023). In 2024, a wave of volcanic activity was recorded in Iceland. These natural phenomena are not surprising in these regions because both are tectonically active areas (Gudmundsson et al. 2008). Continents and oceanic bottoms are subject to continuous changes that are most significant along their boundaries where some processes are driven by plate tectonics (Niu 2014). Current measurements confirm that tectonic plates change their positions and that at the geological time scale, plates drift from the Southern Hemisphere to the Northern Hemisphere. This drift was first described in 1596 by the Dutch map maker Abraham Ortelius and later in 1858 by a French geographer, Antonio Snider-Pellegrini, who based his theory not only on the shape of the continents on the world map (Fig. 8.1) but also on the evidence provided by plant fossils found in both Europe and the United States, which were identical (Pellegrini 2019). However, Alfred Wegener was the person who effectively spread the message. He was intrigued by the striking similarity between the eastern coastline of South America and the western coastline of Africa (Wegener 1920). In Chap. 1 of his book, we read (Wegener 1966):