Haruki Murakami: An Existential Perspective on Personality and Individuality in Selected Novels
摘要
This chapter will consider the existential themes of individuality, personality, freedom, and darkness in Murakami’s work. The main texts are the novels After Dark and Norwegian Wood, both containing personal daily inner struggles of the characters. In After Dark, there is an omnipresent god-like phenomenon, whereas in Norwegian Wood, people are on their own. Whether to rely on a supreme being or on ourselves is one of the questions raised by postmodern society and, therefore, by writers. Given that, but also the fact that individuality is one of the crucial concepts in Murakami’s novels, we will analyse the novel mainly from the perspective of two existential philosophers: Berdyaev and Sartre. Both philosophers emphasize individuality. Even though Berdyaev is prone to religious views, he distinguishes between personality and individuality and has profoundly developed ideas on freedom not exclusively related to religion, whereas Sartre believes that man is alone, godless, and his life is based on chance, giving the freedom of choice a fundamental role. It takes responsibility to be free and Murakami values highly both notions, freedom and responsibility. Given that Berdyaev and Sartre developed these concepts thoroughly, we find Murakami’s work eligible to be explored through their ideas. Characters are striving to find their happiness and true inner self by distancing, self-isolating, having mediators and never by reaching out to religion or any supreme being.